Hemodynamic Monitoring Using Echocardiography in the Critically Ill

The hemodynamic evaluation of patients with acute circulatory failure and respiratory failure was usually performed using invasive procedures but recent years have witnessed the onset of less invasive monitoring devices. Echocardiography can be used both for diagnosis and management of circulatory failure and respiratory failure.
The hemodynamic evaluation by echocardiography is based on the integration of simple indices that can be easily acquired within a few minutes at bedside. The scope of this book is to provide the essential information to readers in order to allow optimal hemodynamic management guided by echocardiography