Thyroid Function Testing

Thyroid function tests are performed by essentially all medical practitioners across every clinical setting. Significant insights have been gained into thyroid regulation and thyroid hormone metabolism that influence the selection and interpretation of thyroid function tests. Recent studies are summarized showing that genetic variations in key thyroid regulating genes may influence thyroid function tests. The basics of thyroid function measurements, approaches, limitations and clinical applications will be described for the major categories of thyroid function tests. Application of thyroid function testing to key clinical settings are discussed, including management of thyroid diseases. An approach to thyroid function testing in special groups is described, including infants and children, the elderly, pregnant women, and the hospitalized patient.